A T2D TDNMR study of skin

نویسندگان

  • Julian Bent
  • Joanna Lee
  • Tim Benson
چکیده

T2D TDNMR data is used to improve the assignment of the location of water in in-vitro pig skin. Whilst the corresponding 1d experiments report broad distributions of T2 and D respectively, two water components are resolved in the T2D data and are assigned as intraand extra-cellular water by considering the peak intensities in; whole defatted skin, a dermatomed slice of the top 0.4mm (mostly epidermis) and the remaining sub layer (dermis). The relative proportion of fast relaxing/fast diffusing water is largest in the epidermis section (which has a close packed cellular structure) so is assigned as intra-cellular water. Whilst there is more slowly relaxing/slowly diffusing water in the dermis section (which has fewer cells within a collagen network) so this is assigned as extra-cellular water. The observation that intra-cellular water relaxes fastest, suggests that the skin cells contain more exchangeable species, through which the water can relax, than the extra-cellular network. This assignment is supported when resolution is lost on repeated freezing, i.e. the cell walls are broken. Resolution is also lost on increasing the diffusion time from 50 to 100 and 150ms. This is likely partly due to relaxation but also due to diffusion through the cell membranes during the experiment and gives a measure of the cell wall permeability.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

5 Poster 5 . 1 Connected Porous Systems and Multidimensional NMR Approaches P 1 A T 2 D TDNMR Study of Skin

P1 A T2D TDNMR Study of Skin Julian Bent 1, Joanna Lee 1, Nikki Carpenter 1, Tim Benson 2 1 Unilever Research Colworth, 2 Advanced Magnetics Resonance Ltd. T2D TDNMR data is used to improve the assignment of the location of water in in-vitro pig skin. Whilst it is not possible to resolve or uniquely assign water environments in either 1-dimensional T2 or D data, the T2D method clearly resolves ...

متن کامل

Relationships between electrochemical skin conductance and kidney disease in Type 2 diabetes.

BACKGROUND SUDOSCAN® non-invasively measures peripheral small fiber and autonomic nerve activity using electrochemical skin conductance. Since neuropathy and nephropathy are microvascular Type 2 diabetes (T2D) complications, relationships between skin conductance, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and urine albumin:creatinine ratio (UACR) were assessed. METHODS Two hundred five Afr...

متن کامل

The Soluble Carrier 30 A8 (SLC30A8) Gene Polymorphism and Risk of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 in Eastern Azerbijan Population of Iran

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) is the most common metabolic disease demonstrating itself by hyper- glycemia, due to impaired insulin secretion or action. Recently, Whole-Genome Association studies have revealed the role of several new genes responsible for T2D. One of the most studied genes is SLC30A8 (Zn-T8) which is exclusively expressed in pancreatic ?-cells and participates in insulin stora...

متن کامل

Association of ENPP1 (K121Q rs 1044498) and TCF7L2 (C/T rs7903146) Gene Polymorphisms with Type2 Diabetes in Zanjan population (Northwest, Iran)

Background and Objective: Ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) is a class II membrane glycoprotein that binds to insulin α receptor and can interfere in insulin signaling pathway. Transcription factor-7-like 2 (TCF7L2) is a transcription factor which plays a critical role in pancreatic β cell activity. ENPP1 and TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms may have functional role in suscep...

متن کامل

A Review of the Relationship between Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load and Type 2 Diabetes

Background: In recent decades, studies on type 2 diabetes (T2D), have adopted a new approach to the field of a more complete collection of variables related to the lifestyles and diet of people. Diet is an important factor in increasing the rate of T2D among individuals. Considering the consumption of a high-carbohydrate diet, little attention has been paid to the type of carbohydrates consumed...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2011